Yellowstone Capital's 25 Predatory Lending Companies Exposed in Landmark $1.065 Billion Settlement

January 23, 2025
January 22, 2025
3 Minutes Read
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Complete list of Yellowstone Capital's 25 subsidiaries implicated in a massive predatory lending scheme

  1. Yellowstone Capital LLC
  2. ABC Merchant Solutions LLC
  3. Advance Merchant Services LLC
  4. Business Advance Team LLC
  5. Capital Advance Services LLC
  6. Capital Merchant Services, LLC
  7. Cash Village Funding LLC
  8. Fast Cash Advance LLC
  9. Fundry LLC
  10. Fundzio LLC
  11. Green Capital Funding LLC
  12. HFH Merchant Services LLC
  13. High Speed Capital LLC
  14. Merchant Capital Pay LLC
  15. Merchant Funding Services LLC
  16. Midnight Advance Capital LLC
  17. Mr. Advance Capital LLC
  18. Ocean 1213 LLC
  19. Simply Equities LLC
  20. TVT Cap Fund LLC
  21. TVT Capital HR LLC
  22. Thryve Capital Funding LLC
  23. WCM Funding LLC
  24. West Coast Business Capital LLC
  25. World Global Capital LLC

How a Merchant Cash Advance Became a Trap

Small businesses are vital to the economy, but they often face challenges when seeking funding. One option that has become increasingly popular is the merchant cash advance (MCA), which is supposed to offer quick, short-term funding. However, some lenders have abused this system, turning what should be a helpful tool into a predatory trap. A prime example of this is Yellowstone Capital.

What is a Merchant Cash Advance?

A legitimate MCA is an agreement where a lender provides a lump sum of money to a business in exchange for a portion of its future revenues5. The payments are meant to fluctuate with the business’s sales, and the repayment term is typically open-ended. However, in the case of Yellowstone Capital, this was not the reality.

How Yellowstone Manipulated MCAs

Yellowstone Capital disguised illegal, high-interest loans as MCAs.

They did this by:

Fraudulently describing transactions

The contracts were written to appear as purchases of future revenues, with supposedly flexible payment amounts and open-ended terms. In reality, Yellowstone collected fixed daily amounts directly from small business bank accounts over short repayment periods, often just 60 or 90 days.

Ignoring the businesses' actual revenues

These daily collections had little connection to the portion of the businesses' revenues the lenders supposedly purchased. Yellowstone promised to "reconcile" or refund small businesses' daily payments to ensure they never rose above an agreed-upon percentage of their revenue. However, they used fraudulent measures to ensure borrowers almost never qualified for these payment refunds.

Because of these manipulations, the transactions became short-term loans with incredibly high-interest rates, sometimes reaching up to 820% per year. This is more than 50 times the legal interest rate and trapped businesses in a cycle of debt.

For instance, City Bakery, a Manhattan eatery, was forced to close after Yellowstone’s predatory loans led to skyrocketing debts. The bakery had to pay more than $2,000 per day to Yellowstone, which led to its closure after nearly 30 years in business. This wasn't an isolated incident and many small business owners struggled because of the outrageous loans issued by Yellowstone Capital.

Yellowstone Capital's actions demonstrate a clear misuse of the merchant cash advance system, transforming it from a potentially helpful financial tool into a predatory scheme designed to exploit vulnerable small businesses. This case highlights the need for increased vigilance, stricter regulations, and greater transparency within the alternative lending industry.

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